Vol.67 No.4 July 2019
Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis due to dental bacteremia
Oral and Maxicillofacial Surgery, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, 1838 Ishikawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) against dental bacteremia for prevention of infective endocarditis (IE) has been considered as effective for several decades. However, there have never been any randomized controlled clinical trials to demonstrate the effectiveness of such antibiotic use. After publication of the American Heart Association 2007 guideline, the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence decided to discontinue all antibiotic prescriptions for dental procedures. Data in 2015, suggest that there was a significant increase in the incidence of IE since the publication of the 2008 guideline, which created chaos in the use of AP against IE. In 2018, the Japanese Society of Cardiology revised their guideline to recommend the use of AP against IE in patients, not only high-risk, but also moderate-risk, undergoing dental procedures. In this review, we describe dental bacteremia, and recent movements on AP against IE in patients undergoing dental procedures in Japan and the rest of the world.
Key word
infective endocarditis, antibiotic prophylaxis, oral care, bacteremia
Received
September 20, 2018
Accepted
January 8, 2019
Jpn. J. Chemother. 67 (4): 429-437, 2019
