Vol.67 No.3 May 2019
Current status of treatment of HIV infection
Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
The number of people newly infected with HIV is 1.8 million per year globally, while in Japan, the corresponding number is approximately 1,500. Antiretroviral therapy should be started as early as possible for patients with HIV infection, regardless of the CD4 T-cell count. All currently recommended treatment combinations (3 drug-regimens) have comparable viral suppression efficacy and adverse effects. Thus, treatment selection depends upon the HBV infection status, HLA-B57 status, interactions with concomitant medications, and lifestyle habits of the patient. Limited evidence exists to support the use of 2 drug-regimens, yet they may become important in the future. As no HIV vaccine has been developed to date, preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is the proposed measure for individuals at a high risk of HIV infection.
Key word
antiretroviral therapy, AIDS, CD4-positive T-lymphocyte
Received
August 31, 2018
Accepted
December 13, 2018
Jpn. J. Chemother. 67 (3): 348-354, 2019
